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It is the most common procedure for carious lesions, tooth sensitivity and pain, trauma, to restore discoloured teeth, and to replace old, poor-quality, and permeable fillings.
A dental filling is the restoration of tooth tissue damaged by decay or lost due to trauma or other causes with a filling material. The most common cause of tooth damage is tooth decay.
Tooth decay is a chronic infectious dental disease that causes the decay of the tooth's hard tissues. Bacteria around the tooth break down carbohydrates, creating an acidic environment in which tooth tissue eventually dissolves. Tooth decay is the most common dental disease, and as many as 99% of people in Lithuania have decayed teeth.
Dental fillings are not available in all cases. If the doctor assesses the condition of the tooth and finds that there is extensive damage with little healthy tooth tissue remaining, a filling is not recommended because of possible complications such as tooth decay or fracture. In such cases, restoration of the crown by prosthesis is recommended.
Tooth wear is an increasingly common dental condition that is caused by a number of factors, most notably tooth erosion (the decay of tooth tissue due to the acidic environment in the mouth) and bruxism (gnashing of the teeth).
Dental erosion is the slow, localised, and almost painless decay of tooth tissue caused by food or stomach acids. Acid from the stomach enters the mouth through vomiting (in anorexia or bulimia, after chemotherapy, in pregnancy, etc.) or as a result of gastro-oesophageal reflux. A common cause of erosion is a diet high in acidic foods (apples, citrus fruits, juices, and fizzy drinks).
Bruxism is gnashing of the teeth or a strong bite due to increased tension in the chewing muscles. Bruxism usually occurs at night when sleeping, but can also occur during the day. Stress and psychological strain are important factors in gnashing of teeth. Other possible causative factors include malocclusion, overly high fillings or dentures, and certain medications.
In the first stage, a patient who comes to the dental clinic because of a tooth abrasion is carefully examined. Treatment starts with eliminating the cause.
The second stage of treatment is restorative restoration of worn teeth. The odonologist uses restorative materials to restore the lost tooth tissue and stabilise the bite. When tooth wear is severe and restoration with restorative materials is not recommended, the teeth are prosthetic. A cementless ceramic is placed on the worn tooth to restore the lost tooth structures.
During the third stage of treatment, the aim is to protect the restored teeth from further wear, which is why it is recommended to wear a custom-made mouthguard at night.